Human Anatomy & Physiology-1 1st Semester Unit 4 Most Important MCQs

Most Important 50 MCQs with Solutions

Human Anatomy & Physiology-1 1st Semester Unit 4 Most Important MCQs

Syllabus

Peripheral nervous system:
Classification of the peripheral nervous system, Structure, and functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
Origin and functions of spinal and cranial nerves. 

Special senses:
Structure and functions of eye, ear, nose, and tongue and their disorders.

Multiple Choice Questions

 1 ) The nervous system plays a significant role within our body. What is its crucial role?

a ) It increases awareness about the exterior world with the help of sense organs

b ) It renders support in harmonizing and regulating all voluntary muscular activities

c ) It contributes to controlling involuntary activities

d ) All of the above

Ans: d

( 2 ) The nervous system is primarily composed of

a ) Brain and spinal cord                   

b ) Spinal cord and numerous nerves

c ) Brain, spinal cord, sensory receptors, and numerous nerves

 d ) Spinal cord

Ans: c

( 3 ) The neurons or nerve cells are the chief constituents of

a ) Heart                                           

b ) Brain

c ) Lungs                                          

d ) Liver

Ans: b

( 4 )  The cell body, dendrites, and axon constitute the three essential segments of

a ) Neuron                                       

b ) Kidney

c ) Hormones                                   

d ) Spleen

Ans: a

( 5 ) Perikaryon or Cyton is another name of

a ) Blood cells

b ) Dendrites

c ) Axon                                           

d ) Cell body

Ans: d

( 6 ) In comparison to other cells, the cell body possesses all the cell organelles apart from

a ) Chromosomes                         

b ) Diplosome

c ) Centrosome                             

d ) Kinetochore

Ans: c

( 7 ) Dendrites perform an essential function in conducting nerve impulses to

a ) Axon                                          

b ) Cyton

c ) Neuron                                     

d ) Cell body

Ans: b

( 8 ) When a white insulating sheath is used for the purpose of enclosing the axon in the majority of the neurons, then it is known as

a ) Myelin sheath        

b ) Neurolemma

c ) Nodes of Ranvier                  

d ) Synaptic clefts

Ans: a

( 9 ) When an external thin sheath is used with an aim of covering the myelin sheath then it  is termed as

a ) Bulbs                                

b ) Collaterals

c ) Neurotransmitters                 

d ) Neurolemma

Ans: d

( 10 ) The term “ Nodes of Ranvier” literally means

a ) The gaps enclosed by the myelin sheath

b ) The closure of gaps portrayed by the myelin sheath

c )Gaps depicted by the myelin sheath all over the length

d ) None of the above

Ans: c

( 11 ) In the relaxing state, there is the sustenance of a positive charge by the exterior side of the nerve fiber and this is known as

a ) Stable state                                

b ) Polarised state

c ) Unstable state                           

d ) Neutral state

Ans: b

( 12 ) Each second, the nerve impulse depicts the ability to travel at the greatest speed of about

a ) 100 meters                               

b ) 200 meters

c ) 400 meters                               

d ) 500 meters

Ans: a

( 13 ) The moment the impulse enters the outermost edge of an axon, a chemical is discharged and this chemical is rightly indicated as

a ) Dopamine                              

b ) Adrenaline

c ) Acetylcholine  

d ) Choline

Ans: c

( 14 ) Neurons are classified into several types. What are it’s major types?

a ) Sensory neurons               

b ) Motor neurons

c ) Association neurons               

d ) All of the above

Ans: d

( 15 ) Which one of the following neurons is responsible for transporting the impulse from the central nervous system toward the direction of an effector?

a ) Connecting neurons              

b ) Motor neurons

c ) Sensory neurons                    

d ) Receptor

Ans: b

( 16 ) Association neurons as the name suggest help in uniting

a ) Sensory and motor neurons         

b ) Motor neurons and interneurons

c ) Sensory neurons and multiple sclerosis          

d ) Multiple sclerosis and muscular dystrophy

Ans: a

( 17 ) Sensory nerves, motor nerves, and mixed nerves constitute the three main types of

a ) Neurons                                        

b ) Cells

c ) Nerves                                           

 d ) Veins

Ans: c

( 18 ) A spinal nerve constitutes one of the most perfect example of

a ) Motor nerves                             

b ) Sensory nerves

c ) Peripheral nerve                        

d ) Mixed nerves

Ans: c

( 19 ) Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system represent the two central divisions of

a ) Nervous system               

b ) Digestive system

c ) Reproductive system         

d ) Respiratory system

Ans: a

( 20 ) What is the full form of CNS?

a ) Central neuron system              

b ) Central nervous system

c ) Cardinal nerve system               

d ) Central neuro system

Ans: b

( 21 ) There are further subdivisions of PNS that primarily incorporates

a ) Somatic nervous system            

b ) Autonomic nervous system

c ) Both the somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

d ) None of the above

Ans: c

( 22 ) Which one of the following organs is considered one of the greatest among all animals, in comparison to the size of the body?

a ) Liver                                              

b ) Heart

c ) Kidney                                  

d ) Brain

Ans: d

( 23 ) The brain box acts as a protective shield with an aim of safeguarding the

a ) Brain                                             

b ) Nerves

c ) Neurons                                       

d ) Cells

Ans: a

( 24 ) What is the ideal weight of an individual brain?

a ) 1 kg                                            

b ) 1.35 kg

c ) 2 kg                                           

d ) 2.5 kg

Ans: b

( 25 ) The meninges basically refers to three layers of a membrane which plays a very effective role in protecting the

a ) Chest                                                 

b ) Stomach

c ) Spleen                                              

d ) Brain

Ans: d

( 26 ) Dura mater, Arachnoid, and pia mater fall under the category of

a ) Somatic nervous system         

b ) Brainbox

c ) Meninges                              

d ) Autonomic nervous system

Ans: c

( 27 ) The term “ Meningitis” literally means

a ) Inflammatory state of the meninges                                  

b ) Non – inflammatory state of the meninges

c ) Neutral state of the meninges                                             

d ) None of the above

Ans: a

( 28 ) Which one of the following fluids is responsible for safeguarding the brain from any kind of shock?

a ) Intraocular fluid                        

b ) Cerebrospinal fluid

c ) Vitreous fluid                              

d ) Ocular fluid

Ans: b

( 29 ) The brain is primarily composed of three major components. What are the three chief components?

a ) Cerebrum, cerebellum, and pia mater                                  

b ) Cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and dura matter

c ) Medulla oblongata, cerebrum, and arachnoid

d ) Cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata

Ans: d

( 30 ) Which of the following is regarded as the greatest part of the brain?

a ) Cerebellum                                  

b ) Medulla oblongata

c ) Cerebrum                                      

d ) Ventricles

Ans: c

( 31 ) The splitting of the cerebrum into two hemispheres is popularly termed as

a ) Cerebral hemispheres               

b ) Corpus callosum

c ) Cortex                                            

d ) White matter

Ans: a

( 32 ) Cerebellum is also known as

a ) Largest brain                                

b ) Little brain

c ) Moderate brain                          

d ) All of the above

Ans: b

( 33 ) Which part of the brain plays a significant role in not only managing the body’s balance but also contributing to harmonizing muscular activities?

a ) Cerebrum                             

b ) Medulla oblongata

c ) Cerebellum 

d ) None of the above

Ans: c

( 34 ) Medulla oblongata contributes to regulating several actions of

a ) Internal organs                    

b ) Heartbeat

b ) Breathing                              

d ) All of the above

Ans: d

( 35 ) After taking into account all the parts, the brain is chiefly comprised of three central regions. What are the three crucial regions?

a ) Forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain

b ) Hindbrain, gray matter, and central canal

c ) Forebrain, midbrain, and white matter

d ) Gyri, sulci, and corpus callosum

Ans: a

( 36 ) Cranial nerves and spinal nerves are  two categories of nerves that fall under the sphere of

a ) Autonomic nervous system

b ) Central nervous system

c ) Enteric nervous system

d ) Somatic nervous system

Ans: d

( 37 ) Certain emotions like for example – grief, fear, anger, and sexual stimulation greatly aid in influencing

a ) Sympathetic nervous system  

b ) Parasympathetic nervous system

c ) Somatic nervous system           

d ) Autonomic nervous system

Ans: d

( 38 ) The word “ reflex” is derived from the Latin word “ reflexus” which simply signifies

a ) Refracted                         

b ) Reflected or directed back

c ) Emitted                             

d ) Deflected

Ans: b

( 38 ) In our body, there is an occurrence of two kinds of actions. What are the two major types of actions?

a ) Voluntary actions and involuntary actions

b ) Mandatory actions and voluntary actions

c ) Involuntary actions and discretionary actions

d ) None of the above

Ans: a

( 39 ) As, conditioned reflexes are non – hereditary, due to this reason it is also known as

a ) Natural reflex                       

b ) Plantar reflex

c ) Acquired reflex                     

d ) Corneal reflex

Ans: c

( 40 ) Natural reflexes and conditioned reflexes are basically the two vital kinds of

a) Nerves

b ) Neurons

c ) Cells

d ) Reflexes

Ans: d

(41) The falx cerebri developing from the durometer is present between

(a) Brain and spinal cord

(b) Cerebellar hemispheres

(c) Cerebral hemispheres

(d) Subdural and epidural space

Ans: c

(42) Which of the following is the correct order of meninges from the inner side?

(a) Pia mater – arachnoid mater – durometer

(b) Pericardium – myocardium – endocardium

(c) Durometer – pia mater – arachnoid mater

(d) Durometer – arachnoid mater – pia mater

Ans: d

(43) Space that separates arachnoid mater and durometer is ______.

(a) Epidural

(b) Mediastinum

(c) Subdural

(d) Subarachnoid

Ans: c

(44) Neurons are aided by following glial cells except for ______.

(a) Ependymal

(b) Lymphocytes

(c) Oligodendrocytes

(d) Astrocytes

Ans: b

(45) Which of the following structure at a synapse has the neurotransmitter?

(a) Schwan cells

(b) Synaptic cleft

(c) Synaptic knobs

(d) Synaptic vesicles

Ans: d

(46) The action potential while the propagation of a nerve impulse is due to the movement of________.

(a) K+ ions from intracellular to extracellular fluid

(b) K+ ions from extracellular to intracellular fluid

(c) Na+ ions from intracellular to extracellular fluid

(d) Na+ ions from extracellular to intracellular fluid

Ans: d

(47) In the left hemisphere, Broca’s area is related to_______.

(a) Speech

(b) Smell sensation

(c) Impulses received from eyes

(d) Reasoning and learning

Ans: a

(48) As a stimulant of the CNS, cocaine interferes with the reuptake of _________ at synapses

(a) Epinephrine

(b) Dopamine

(c) Acetylcholine

(d) Oxygen

Ans: b

(49) The synaptic vesicles of neuromuscular junction discharge______.

(a) adrenaline

(b) epinephrine

(c) acetylcholine

(d) none of the above

Ans: c

(50) ______________ is the ability of neurons to initiate nerve impulses

(a) myelination

(b) conductivity

(c) irritability

(d) neurotransmission

Ans: c


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